Preheat the oven to 350°F (177°C). Lightly spray a 9x9-inch (23x23 cm) baking pan with nonstick spray and line with parchment paper, leaving overhang for easy removal.
cooking spray
In a medium bowl, stir together the graham cracker crumbs and granulated sugar. Add the melted butter and mix until evenly combined and the texture resembles wet sand. Press the mixture firmly and evenly into the bottom of the prepared pan.
3 cups (300 g) graham cracker crumbs, ½ cup (100 g) granulated sugar, ¾ cup (170 g) butter
Bake the crust for 10 minutes. Remove from the oven and set aside while preparing the filling.
In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the sweetened condensed milk, key lime juice, egg yolks, and lime zest until completely smooth and fully incorporated.
2 (14 oz / 396 g each, 792 g total) cans sweetened condensed milk, 1 cup (240 ml / 240 g) bottled key lime juice, 6 large (108 g) egg yolks, 4 key limes, zested
Pour the filling over the warm crust and spread into an even layer.
Bake for 45 to 50 minutes, or until the edges are fully set and the center no longer jiggles when gently shaken.
Remove from the oven and allow the bars to cool completely at room temperature. Once cooled, transfer to the refrigerator and chill for 1 hour before topping with whipped cream.
In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the whisk attachment, or using a hand mixer, beat the heavy cream, confectioners' sugar, and vanilla extract on high speed until stiff peaks form.
1½ cups (360 ml) heavy whipping cream, ¼ cup (30 g) confectioners' sugar, 1 tsp (5 ml) vanilla extract
Spread the whipped cream evenly over the chilled filling. Garnish with additional lime zest.
2 key limes, zested
Lift the bars out of the pan using the parchment overhang. Slice into 9 squares using a sharp knife, wiping the blade clean between cuts for neat edges.
Store refrigerated until ready to serve.